Country Profile · No. 17

Eswatini

Capital / Admin Capital

Mbabane (administrative) / Lobamba (royal and legislative)Population: ~1.2MIndependence: 1968 (September 6)

First Monarch/Leader

King Sobhuza II (Reigned 1921–1982)Current Monarch/Head of State: King Mswati III (Reigned since 1986)

Geography & Borders

South Africa, Mozambique. Landlocked southern African nation characterized by mountainous terrain and fertile valleys.

Demographics & Language

Christianity (~90%+), traditional indigenous beliefs. Official: Swazi language, English language. Major groups: Swazi people (~85%+).

Economy & GDP

Softwood forestry, manufacturing (textiles, sugar processing), agriculture (sugarcane, citrus fruits).

Global Diaspora

1. South Africa (~50k), 2. United Kingdom (~10k), 3. United States (~2k). U.S. Hubs (States / Cities): Washington D.C., Maryland, California.

Major Conflicts

Anglo-Boer conflicts impact (late 19th and early 20th century territorial protection under British rule), border disputes with South Africa regarding ethnic Swazi areas.

3 Must-See Sites

1. Hlane Royal National Park (Eswatini's largest protected area, home to lions, elephants, rhinos, and white-backed vultures), 2. Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary (A scenic, safe sanctuary in the Ezulwini Valley popular for walking safaris among zebras and antelopes), 3. Mantenga Cultural Village (Living museum showcasing traditional Swazi beehive huts, dances, and cultural history).

Quick Facts

Formerly known as Swaziland before being officially renamed by royal decree in 2018; one of the world's last remaining absolute monarchies, famously celebrating the annual Umhlanga (Reed Dance) festival.