Country Profile · No. 13

Djibouti

Capital / Admin Capital

Djibouti CityPopulation: ~1.2MIndependence: 1977 (June 27)

First President

Hassan Gouled Aptidon (1977–1999)Current President: Ismaïl Omar Guelleh (serving since May 1999)

Geography & Borders

Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, Red Sea, Gulf of Aden. Strategically positioned at the southern gateway to the Red Sea.

Demographics & Language

Islam (State religion, practiced by ~94%). Official: Arabic language, French language. Other: Somali language, Afar language. Major groups: Somali / Issa (~60%), Afar (~35%).

Economy & GDP

Port and logistics services, international military base leases, rail transport to landlocked Ethiopia, commercial trade.

Global Diaspora

1. France (~30k), 2. Canada (~5k), 3. Belgium (~2k), 4. United States (~3k–5k). U.S. Hubs (States / Cities): Virginia (Arlington), California (San Diego), Texas (San Antonio).

Major Conflicts

Afar insurgency / Civil War (1991–1994, conflict between the government and the Afar Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy), Border skirmish with Eritrea (2008).

3 Must-See Sites

1. Lake Assal (A striking crater lake that is the lowest point in Africa and one of the salinest bodies of water on Earth), 2. Lake Abbe (A surreal lunar landscape featuring towering limestone chimneys venting steam amidst flamingo-filled waters), 3. Day Forest National Park (A rare relict juniper forest perched high in the Goda Mountains protecting endemic wildlife).

Quick Facts

Serves as a critical geopolitical military hub hosting major overseas military bases for the United States, France, Japan, and China due to its strategic command of the Bab-el-Mandeb strait.